Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindle )

Botanical name

Euonymus japonicus

Other names

Japanese spindle

Genus

Euonymus Euonymus

Species

E. japonicus - E. japonicus is a dense, bushy, evergreen shrub or small, upright tree with narrowly oval, toothed, leathery, glossy, dark green leaves and clusters of inconspicuous, greenish-white flowers in late spring and early summer are sometimes followed by pink-flushed, white fruit.

Foliage

Evergreen

Habit

Bushy, Dense

Toxicity

All parts may cause severe discomfort if ingested.

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Colour

Flower

Greenish-white in Spring; Greenish-white in Summer

Foliage

Dark-green in All seasons

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How to care

Watch out for

Specific pests

Caterpillars , Horse chestnut scale , Scale insects , Vine weevil

Specific diseases

Leaf spot , Powdery mildew

General care

Pruning

Pruning group 8

Propagation methods

Seed, Semi-hardwood cuttings

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Monthly care advice

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Where to grow

Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindle ) will reach a height of 4m and a spread of 2m after 5-10 years.

Suggested uses

Beds and borders, Containers, Cottage/Informal, Foliage only, Hedging/Screens, Low Maintenance, Roof terrace

Cultivation

Grow in any well-drained soil in sun or partial shade.

Soil type

Chalky, Clay, Loamy, Sandy (will tolerate most soil types)

Soil drainage

Moist but well-drained, Well-drained

Soil pH

Acid, Alkaline, Neutral

Light

Partial Shade, Full Sun

Aspect

South, East, West

Exposure

Exposed, Sheltered

UK hardiness Note: We are working to update our ratings. Thanks for your patience.

Hardy (H4)

USDA zones

Zone 9, Zone 8, Zone 7

Defra's Risk register #1

Plant name

Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindle )

Common pest name

Apple root knot nematode

Scientific pest name

Meloidogyne mali

Type

Nematode

Current status in UK

Unknown

Likelihood to spread to UK (1 is very low - 5 is very high)

3

Impact (1 is very low - 5 is very high)

4

General biosecurity comments

UK (along with certain other European countries) received potentially infested trees in 1992; but these were destroyed at the end of the trial period and targeted surveillance has failed to find any trace of the nematode. Main impacts are on elm; apple and mulberry and industry should source such material carefully.

Defra's Risk register #2

Plant name

Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindle )

Common pest name

Japanese fruit scale; Mulberry scale; White peach scale

Scientific pest name

Pseudaulacaspis pentagona

Type

Insect

Current status in UK

Absent

Likelihood to spread to UK (1 is very low - 5 is very high)

4

Impact (1 is very low - 5 is very high)

3

General biosecurity comments

Scale insect which in favourable conditions may kill trees. There have been a number of findings in the UK but some uncertainty about whether the pest is established. Stakeholder organisations may wish to monitory for its presence.

Defra's Risk register #3

Plant name

Euonymus japonicus (Japanese spindle )

Common pest name

pink wax scale; red was scale; ruby wax scale

Scientific pest name

Ceroplastes rubens

Type

Insect

Current status in UK

Absent

Likelihood to spread to UK (1 is very low - 5 is very high)

3

Impact (1 is very low - 5 is very high)

3

General biosecurity comments

Based on its biology and low potential impact continued action on this pest in the UK would not be considered appropriate. It is likely to be of more concern to southern Member States of the EU; as it is an economic pest of citrus.

About this section

Our plants are under greater threat than ever before. There is increasing movement of plants and other material traded from an increasing variety of sources. This increases the chances of exotic pests arriving with imported goods and travellers, as well as by natural means. Shoot is working with Defra to help members to do their part in preventing the introduction and spread of invasive risks.

Traveling or importing plants? Please read "Don't risk it" advice here

Suspected outbreak? Click here for contact details to report to the relevant authority.

Date updated: 7^th March 2019 For more information visit: https://planthealthportal.defra.gov.uk/